Ni ubuhe buryo bwo guhumeka ikirere ukwiye kugura kugirango ukore neza?

Intangiriro

Gusobanukirwa indege yindeges

indege yindeges bigenewe cyane cyane Kudakoresha ferromagnetic yibanze, kandi bitandukanye cyane na fer cyangwa ferrite-core bavandimwe. Igishushanyo nkiki ntabwo ari impanuka, ahubwo ni uguhitamo nkana kugirango ibikorwa byabo byinshi bishoboke. Inyungu nyamukuru yo kudakoresha imbaraga za magneti ni ukugabanya igihombo cyibanze kigira uruhare mu guhinduranya imirima ya magneti mu byuma, cyane cyane kuri radiyo nyinshi. Hystereze hamwe na eddy igihombo (igihombo cyibanze) irashobora kugabanya imikorere ya inductor ukoresheje ingufu nkubushyuhe. Hamwe n'umwuka (cyangwa ikintu cyose kitari magnetique) nkibyingenzi, indege yindeges kugabanya gutakaza ingufu kandi nibyiza kubyo gusaba bikeneye gukora neza.

Byongeye kandi, indege yindeges bizwiho kwerekana kubungabunga ibintu byinshi Q, isobanura ikintu kiranga imikorere ya inductor hamwe nubushuhe bwimpinga ya resonant. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane mubisabwa nka radiyo yohereza, radiyo-yihuta-oscillator hamwe nabatoranya inshuro-aho uburinganire bwibimenyetso no guhitamo aribyo byingenzi. Kubura ferromagnetic yibanze nayo isobanura ko indege yindeges idafite umurongo-wuzuye cyangwa kwiyuzuzamo-auto-ibikoresho hafi ya byose biherekeza ibikoresho bifite imbaraga za magneti nyinshi, kuburyo ibikorwa bya inductor byaba hafi kumurongo hejuru yimikorere myinshi. Uku guhuza ni ingenzi cyane kubimenyetso byerekana ubudahemuka, cyane cyane mumuzunguruko wa RF aho kugoreka ndetse nubunini buto bishobora gutesha agaciro imikorere.

indege yindeges nayo ifite porogaramu murwego rwumuzunguruko mwinshi aho agaciro ka inductance gakenewe kari hasi ariko ubwiza bwikimenyetso nibyingenzi. Ubushobozi buke bwa parasitike bwunguka kugera kumurongo mwinshi wa resonant - cyane cyane ingirakamaro mumashanyarazi (FM) cyangwa imiyoboro yihuta ya digitale urugero. Nubwo inductance yabo muri rusange iri munsi ugereranije no muri inductors zifite imbaraga za magneti, guhuza imikorere ihanitse, igihombo gito, hamwe n’ahantu hakorerwa imirimo myinshi. indege yindeges mubice byingirakamaro mubice byinshi bya sisitemu ya elegitoroniki igezweho.

Akamaro k'imikorere myiza

Akamaro ko kumenya imikorere yo hejuru indege yindeges ntabwo ari ugukabya kandi irakuzwa mugihe cya none cyumuzunguruko wa RF, aho gukora no kwizerwa bihangayikishije cyane. Imikorere ihanitse kuri RF ikenera kenshi ibice bya RF bishobora guhora bihanganira imirongo myinshi hamwe nimiterere yumurima. Porogaramu yihariye indege yindegeirashobora kugabanya cyane gutakaza ibimenyetso no kwagura umurongo wumurongo. Ibi bizamura imikorere yumuzunguruko kimwe no kwemeza ko umuzunguruko wakiriye kandi ugakorana numurongo wasabwe neza cyane cyane muri sisitemu yitumanaho hamwe nibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bisobanutse bisaba igisubizo nyacyo.

Gusobanukirwa no gukoresha ibipimo byingenzi bya an indege yindegeni ngombwa cyane mugutezimbere imikorere. Agaciro ka inductance kagena uburyo inductor ishobora kubika ingufu, bityo ikagenzura amajwi yumuzunguruko. Q ya inductor, ni igipimo cyimikorere yayo, igena ingufu zitakara nkubushyuhe, bityo ubwiza nibisobanutse byo kohereza ibimenyetso. Ubushobozi bwa resonant hamwe nubushobozi bwo gukoresha ingufu nabyo bigena igice cyerekana uburyo inductor izakora neza mugihe runaka cyimikorere idakorewe. Kurugero, murwego rwitumanaho rugoye, ibintu byinshi Q nibintu byiza bya inductance ya an indege yindegeKugabanya igihombo cyingufu kugirango ubunyangamugayo bwikimenyetso bugumane gutanga amakuru menshi no kwakira amakuru yihuse nta kosa n urusaku.

Iyo uhisemo an indege yindegekuringaniza ibyo bipimo abajenjeri bagabanya igihombo cyingufu kandi bagakoresha neza, ikintu cyingenzi mubisabwa bisaba urwego rwo hejuru rwukuri kandi rwizewe. Abashakashatsi bashushanya, muguhitamo no gushyiramo ikirere cyindege, inductors zujuje ibi bipimo byimikorere, birashobora kuzamura cyane imikorere nubwizerwe bwumuzunguruko wa RF ituma iterambere ryihuse ryibikoresho byitumanaho nibikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Ubunini buke butangwa muburyo bwo gutoranya inductor butanga kwibanda ku myigire no guhuza imikorere ya inductor, ifite uruhare runini kumikorere no mumikorere ya sisitemu nyinshi ya elegitoroniki yateye imbere.

Kumenya ibyo ukeneye

Mbere yo gufata indege ya inductor, ni ngombwa guhindura ibyifuzo byawe bikenewe. Ibi birashobora gutandukana cyane biterwa no gukoresha ibitekerezo, frm shingiro rya elegitoronike kuri gahunda itumanaho ya RF. Ibitekerezo byemera ibikorwa bikora, gutegereza urwego rwubushobozi, imbogamizi zingana, hamwe n ijambo ryibidukikije. Ikigeretse kuri ibyo, gutoranya bishobora kuba byerekana niba igifuniko gishyira imbere Q ibice byindangagaciro cyangwa bisaba urwego rwihariye rwa resonant. Incamake yibi bisabwa bizayobora yu kugana cyane indege yindegeamahitamo, kwemeza guhuza hamwe no guhuza imikorere wiht intego zumushinga wawe.

Ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba gusuzuma mugihe uhisemo an indege yindege

Inductance hamwe nu rutonde rwubu

Guhitamo inductor hamwe nikirere cyumuyaga Indege-core inductor ihitamo mukumenya agaciro ka inductance hamwe nigipimo kiriho, kuko inductance hamwe nu rutonde rwubu bigomba kuba byujuje ibisabwa byumuzunguruko wawe, ibi biratandukanye kubashushanya batandukanye. Inductance (yapimwe muri henries) isobanura ingufu zibikwa muri inductor nkigikorwa cyumuyaga unyuramo. Ninini ya inductance, imbaraga nyinshi zirashobora kubikwa (zingirakamaro mubisabwa aho ingufu zikenewe kugirango zibikwe cyangwa zungururwe. Ku rundi ruhande, igipimo cyitwa "Ind Ind Ind" cyerekana ampere ntarengwa inductor ishobora gukora mbere yuko ishyuha cyane, cyangwa igatangira guhaga. Guhuza inductance hamwe nu rutonde rugezweho hamwe n’ibisabwa n’umuzunguruko ni ngombwa kugira ngo wirinde ibibazo byose by’imikorere kandi ubyemeze kuramba.

Urutonde rwinshuro hamwe nibintu byiza

Kumurongo mwinshi wo gusaba, ni akarere ka frequence nibintu byiza bifite akamaro muguhitamo an indege yindege. Rero, indege yibyuka byindege, bitagira igihombo cyibanze kuri frequency nyinshi, birakoreshwa. Igisubizo cyinshuro kirakubwira umurongo wimikorere ya inductor, werekana uburyo ishobora gukora imirongo nyayo igishushanyo cyawe gisaba. Ikibazo Q (Q) ariko, cyerekana imikorere ya inductor kumurongo wacyo wa resonant, hamwe na Q yo hejuru yerekana imbaraga nke zo kugabanuka. Ibi ni ingirakamaro cyane muri transcevers ya RF aho gukoresha ingufu bishobora kugira ingaruka nini kumikorere no mubuzima bwa bateri.

Ingano yumubiri nubwoko bwimisozi

Hanyuma, ingano yumubiri nogushiraho iboneza rya indege yindegenibyingenzi kuburyo bihuye nigishushanyo cyawe udashizeho ibibazo byimiterere. Imbaraga zishobora gukoreshwa na inductor akenshi zijyanye nubunini bwayo; inductors nini zishobora kugira ubuso bunini bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, hanyuma bigakoreshwa mugukoresha imbaraga nyinshi. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, ingano yubunini ifatika kubutaka bwumuzunguruko irashobora kugabanya gukoresha inductor ntoya, itekereza neza kubushobozi bwumuriro nimbaraga zingenzi. Mubyongeyeho, uburyo bwo kwishyiriraho (TH cyangwa SMD) bigira ingaruka kubikorwa byo kwishyiriraho kimwe no guhagarara neza muri inductor kuri PCB. Binyuze mu mwobo bipfunyitse muri rusange birakomeye, ibikoresho bikoresha ingufu nyinshi mugihe hejuru yubuso burenze urugero kandi bikwiranye nuburyo bugezweho.

Birakunzwe indege yindegeIbirango na Moderi

Gusubiramo Ibiranga Hejuru

Niba ushaka an indege yindegegukoresha mumushinga wawe mushya cyangwa porogaramu, ubwoko bwa inductor nabwo ni ngombwa, haribishoboka ko abahinguzi bake bagereranya niba ubuziranenge buri hejuru kurutonde rwawe rwambere. Mu bahatanira umwanya wa mbere harimo Coilcraft, Vishay na Wurth Elektronik, kandi batanga moderi zitandukanye muburyo butandukanye kubisabwa birimo imiyoboro ya RF kugeza kumashanyarazi menshi. Coilcraft izwiho kwizerwa, ubuziranenge kandi busobanutse, bityo tuzi neza ko ugiye gukunda inductors zabo! Vishay, ariko, itanga intera nini nayo ikora neza kumirongo myinshi itandukanye. Würth Elektronik izwiho ibishushanyo mbonera byayo kandi yibanda ku mikorere y’ingufu kandi ibi ni ngombwa cyane mu rwego rwiki gihe.

Ibibazo

Niki indege yindege?

An indege yindegeni inductor idakoresha ingirabuzimafatizo ikozwe mubintu bya ferromagnetic. Ahubwo, umwuka (cyangwa ibindi bintu bitari magnetique) bikoreshwa nkibikoresho byingenzi. Iyi miterere, aho igihombo cyingufu zijyanye nigihombo cyibanze, harimo hystereze hamwe nigihombo cya eddy kiriho ubu, bigabanutse, birakora cyane kubikorwa bya radio (RF).

Kuki indege yindeges ikoreshwa muri porogaramu ya RF?

Bakoreshwa mubisabwa na RF kubera kubura igihombo kinini kuri frequency nyinshi, Q ibintu byinshi hamwe numurongo ugaragara hejuru yubushyuhe bugari. Ibyo kandi bituma bahitamo neza kubisabwa hamwe nubushobozi buhanitse, kugoreka ibimenyetso bike, no kwizerwa kuri frequency nyinshi.

Ni izihe nyungu zingenzi zo gukoresha indege yindeges?

Ibintu nyamukuru biranga indege yindeges ni imbaraga nke zo gutakaza biterwa no kubura igihombo cyibanze, ikintu kinini Q cyo gukora neza kandi, umurongo ugereranije numurongo mugari utarinze kugabanuka. Ibi bitanga ibimenyetso byiza byuzuye nibiranga imikorere kumurongo mwinshi.

Nigute kubura kwa ferromagnetiki bigira ingaruka kuri an indege yindege'imikorere?

An indege yindegehamwe na ferromagnetic yibanze ntukababazwe no gutakaza intangiriro, hystereze nibindi bikoresho bya ferromagnetic. Ibi biganisha ku mbaraga nke zikwirakwizwa nkubushyuhe, Q nini, nigikorwa cyumurongo, bityo inductor irashobora gukora neza muri RF hamwe na progaramu nyinshi.

Ni ibihe bintu bigomba kwitabwaho muguhitamo an indege yindegekumuzunguruko wa RF?

Reba agaciro ka inductance, igipimo cyubu, intera yumurongo, Q ibintu, nubunini bwumubiri, hamwe nuburyo bwo kwishyiriraho, mugihe uhisemo an indege yindegekumuzunguruko wa RF. Ibi bitekerezo bituma inductor iba ingana neza mububiko bwingufu, gukora neza, umurongo mugari, hamwe nibiranga umubiri.

Nigute agaciro ka inductance ya an indege yindegebigira ingaruka ku mikorere yayo?

Induction ya inductor yo mu kirere nicyo ishyiraho ingufu zishobora gufata bitewe numuyoboro runaka. Inductance yo hejuru irashobora kubika ingufu nyinshi zifite akamaro ko kubika ingufu cyangwa gushungura porogaramu. Nibyingenzi guhuza inductance kubisabwa byumuzunguruko wawe.

Kuki Q ari ngombwa muri indege yindeges?

Ikintu cyiza (Q) (Bizapima nezaindege yindegeni gukora kuri resonant frequency) Ikirenga Q ibintu bitanga igihombo gito, gifite akamaro mumashanyarazi ya RF, mubindi bikorwa, aho imikorere ishobora kugira uruhare runini mubikorwa no mubuzima bwa bateri.

Urashobora ubunini bwa an indege yindegebigira ingaruka ku mikorere yayo?

Nibyo, ingano nyayo ya an indege yindegeifite akamaro kubikorwa byayo. Kubera ko inductors nini zifite ubuso buringaniye ni bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe zirashobora gukoresha imbaraga nyinshi. Ariko umwanya muto urashobora kandi kuguhatira gukoresha inductor ntoya, ugomba rero gusuzuma neza gukonjesha ubushyuhe hamwe nu mashanyarazi.

Nibihe bimwe byo hejuru byo hejuru indege yindeges?

Bimwe mubirango byiza ababikora indege yindeges ni Coilcraft, Vishay na Würth Elektronik. Aya mazina arasa nubuziranenge, kwiringirwa, nubwoko bwibicuruzwa, ibikoresho na moderi nibyiza kubikorwa bya RF kuva kuri HF kugeza kuri mm yumurongo wa mm.

Nigute umuntu yamenya ibikenewe byihariye kuri an indege yindegemu mushinga?

Kugirango usobanure neza ibisabwa kuri an indege yindegemumushinga, hitamo ibikorwa byinshyi, urwego rwimbaraga ziteganijwe, ingano yubunini, ibidukikije kandi niba porogaramu ishyigikira Q ibintu, ikindi gaciro ka inductance kuri resonance cyangwa umurongo ukwiye wibikorwa bya resonant. Ibiranga bizagufasha kukuyobora muburyo bwiza bwo guhumeka indege ya progaramu yawe.