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Imfuno yamacandelo asebenza kakhulu kwishishini le-elektroniki iyaqhubeka nokunyuka, iqhutywa kukuhambela phambili kwetekhnoloji kunye nobunzima obandayo bezixhobo zombane. Ngokwengxelo yoPhando kunye neeMarike, imakethi ye-inductors yehlabathi kulindeleke ukuba ifikelele kwi-5.22 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2026, ikhula kwi-CAGR ye-4.5%. Omnye umdlali ophambili kule marike, ebonelela ngezisombululo ezintsha zezicelo ezahlukeneyo, yi-Air Core Coil. Olu hlobo oluthile lwekhoyili lufumana i-traction ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezilula, eziphantsi kwelahleko, okwenza kube lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwizicelo zombane zanamhlanje apho ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza kubaluleke kakhulu.
I-Dongguan Naheng Electronics Technology Co., Ltd., esekwe kwi-2011, ibihamba phambili kwimveliso ye-coil engundoqo yomoya. Ifumaneka kwidolophu yaseZhangmutou, kwisiXeko saseDongguan, indawo eyaziwayo yokwenziwa kwemveliso yaseTshayina, iNaheng Electronics Technology Co., Ltd. izingca ngokuzinikela kwayo kumgangatho kunye noyilo olugqwesileyo. Ngokugxila kwiikhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya kunye nee-inductors, inkampani iye yaphucula itekhnoloji ukuze ihlangabezane neemfuno zamashishini ahlukeneyo, iqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zabo azihlangani nje kuphela kodwa zigqithise imigangatho yoshishino. Njengoko siphonononga izizathu ezinomdla zokukhetha i-Air Core Coils kwiprojekthi yakho elandelayo, kuyacaca ukuba la macandelo ayisiyonto nje yokukhetha kodwa iyimfuneko kubavelisi abajolise ekutyhaleni imida yoyilo lwe-elektroniki.
Uyazi, iikhoyili eziphambili zomoya ziye zafumana i-buzz eninzi mva nje kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, kwaye ngenxa yezizathu ezintle. Enye yeempawu ezibalaseleyo? Bakhaphukhaphu kakhulu! Ingxelo evela kwi-International Electrochemical Society ngokwenene ithi ukusebenzisa i-coil core coil inokwehlisa ubunzima benkqubo ngokunyuka kwe-40%. Lutshintsho lomdlalo, ngakumbi kumashishini afana ne-aerospace kunye neemoto, apho ukulahla ubunzima kunokonyusa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamafutha kunye nokusebenza-kupholile, akunjalo?
Kodwa akuphelelanga apho. Kuba iikhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya zingasebenzisi izixhobo ze-ferromagnetic, zikholisa ukuba nozinzo olungcono lwe-inductance. Uphando oluvela kwi-IEEE lubonisa ukuba olu yilo alufane lubekho kwimiba yokuzalisa, enokuthi ingxubushe ngokusebenza kweekhoyili zemagnethi zemveli. Ke, xa kufikwa kwizicelo ze-frequency ephezulu, iikhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya zikhanya ngokwenene, zizenza zigqibelele kwizinto ezinjengeRF kunye nokuhanjiswa kwedatha ngesantya esiphezulu.
Kwaye masithethe ngokusebenza kakuhle-iikhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya zinomtsalane apha! Ndiyabulela ekunciphiseni i-eddy currents kunye nokulahleka kwe-hysteresis, ingaba yi-15-20% esebenzayo ngakumbi kuneekhoyili eziqhelekileyo, ngokutsho kophando kwi-Journal ye-Applied Physics. Oku akuthethi nje ukuba basebenzise amandla amancinci kodwa ikwanceda ukunciphisa ukuveliswa kobushushu, nto leyo ilungile ekwandiseni ubomi bamalungu e-elektroniki.
Okokugqibela kodwa okuncinci, ukuguquguquka koyilo olunikezela ngeekhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya kuyamangalisa. Iinjineli zinokufumana ngokwenene ukuyila, ukulungiswa kakuhle kunye nokwenza ngokwezifiso ezi khoyili kuluhlu lweefrikhwensi kunye neefom. Kuyavuyisa ukubona ukuba banokuziqhelanisa njani na, njengoko kugxininiswe luhlaziyo lwamva nje olusuka kuMbutho woNxibelelwano we-IEEE. Oku kuguquguquka ngokucacileyo kwenza iikhoyili zomoya zibe lukhetho olufanelekileyo lweenjineli ezijonge ukutyhala imvulophu kwiiprojekthi zabo ezintsha.
Uyazi, iikhoyili eziphambili zomoya ziqala ukubamba kuzo zonke iintlobo zezicelo, kwaye akunzima ukubona ukuba kutheni! Ngokungafaniyo neekhoyili eziqhelekileyo ezixhomekeke kwizixhobo ze-ferromagnetic, aba bafana basebenza ngaphandle kondoqo wemagnethi konke konke. Oku kuthetha ukuba banokuphatha iifrikhwensi eziphezulu kwaye babonelele ngomgca ongcono, ubenze balunge kakhulu kwiRF kunye nokuseta iaudio. Kuba akukho ngundoqo, bayayiphepha loo lahleko ye-hysteresis, ephakamisa ukuhanjiswa kwamandla kwaye igcine ukuchithwa kwamandla kuncinci. Ke, iikhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya zinokugcina izinto zihamba kakuhle kuluhlu olubanzi lwefrikhwensi-ibaluleke kakhulu kwimisebenzi yobunjineli echanekileyo, akunjalo?
Ngaphezu koko, ezi iikhoyili kukhanye xa kufikwa uzinzo thermal. Ngenxa yokuba abanawo undoqo onokufudumeza ngexesha lokusebenza, bahlala bepholile kwaye bathembeke ngakumbi xa umthwalo unzima. Uzinzo olongezelelweyo luthetha ukuba bahlala ixesha elide kwaye beza kunye neendleko zokugcinwa okuphantsi, okuyimpumelelo enkulu kwiiprojekthi ezifuna ukuqhuba ngokuqhubekayo okanye ukujongana neemeko ezifunwa kakhulu. Ngaphezu koko, zikhaphukhaphu, ziyenza impepho ukuzifaka kuyilo oludityanisiweyo-kufuneka kwizinto zombane zanamhlanje kuba isithuba sinokuba yingxaki.
Kwaye nali elona candelo lilungileyo: ukuguquguquka koyilo lweekhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya kuyamangalisa! Iinjineli zinokulungisa ngokulula izinto ezinje ngenani lokujika, igeyiji yocingo, kunye nobungakanani bubonke ukubethelela ukusebenza phantsi kwayo nantoni na abasebenza kuyo. Olu hlobo lokuguquguquka lubenza balunge kwiqela lezicelo, ukusuka kwiinkqubo zokutshaja ngaphandle kwamacingo ukuya kwizixhobo zonxibelelwano ezibukhali, zilungele iimfuno ezahlukeneyo zetekhnoloji yanamhlanje. Ke, ukuba ujonge ukuphakamisa iprojekthi yakho elandelayo, ukukhetha iikhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya kunokuba lutshintsho lomdlalo wokonyusa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokutyhala imvulophu kuyilo kunye nokusetyenziswa. Ngokuqinisekileyo yinto efanele ukuqwalaselwa!
Uyazi, iikhoyili eziphambili zomoya zijika iintloko kwiqela leeprojekthi zobunjineli mva nje, kwaye ikakhulu ngenxa yokuba zikhaphukhaphu kakhulu. Eli nqaku alenzi nje ukuba kube lula ukuzifaka kuyilo olwahlukeneyo, kodwa likwanyusa ukusebenza kweenkqubo zombane ngokubanzi. Ngokungafaniyo neekhoyili zemveli ezihlala zisebenzisa izinto ezinobunzima bemagnethi, ezi zikhoyili zomoya zikrelekrele kakhulu — zisebenzisa nje umoya ozingqongileyo njengondoqo! Oku kuthetha ukuba ufumana ubunzima obuhle, kodwa awuphulukani nayiphi na intsebenzo, eyi-win-win.
Ngoku, ngenxa yokuba zikhaphukhaphu, iikhoyili zomoya zikhanya kwiimeko apho yonke i-ounce ibala, njengakummandla weemoto kunye ne-aerospace. Ngokukrakra, kula mashishini, yonke igram ibalulekile xa kuziwa kwizinto ezifana nokusebenza kakuhle kwamafutha kunye nokusebenza ngokubanzi. Oku bhetyebhetye kuvumela iinjineli ukuba zityibilike iikhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya kwiindawo ezingqingqwa, zizenze zigqibelele kubuchwephesha banamhlanje obumalunga nokubumbana ngakumbi.
Kwaye, ngaphandle kwezo zixhobo zinzima ze-ferromagnetic, ubona ilahleko encinci ye-thermal kunye nemagnethi xa kuthelekiswa nee-inductors zemveli, okuthetha ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla.
Kodwa akukhona nje ukonga ubunzima; usebenzisa iikhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya zingena ngqo kwindlela eya kubunjineli obuzinzileyo, nayo. Njengoko amashishini amaninzi etshintshela kubuchwepheshe obuluhlaza, ugxininiso kwizinto ezikhaphukhaphu ezicutha ukusetyenziswa kobutyebi kunye neempembelelo zokusingqongileyo ziya ziba namandla. Iikhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya zibonelela ngesisombululo esichulumancisayo, ezinceda ekuqhubeni izinto ezintsha kumacandelo amaninzi ahlukeneyo ngelixa zixhasa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kunye nokunciphisa inkunkuma.
Uyazi, iikhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya zitshintsha ngokwenene xa kufikwa ekunciphiseni ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic (EMI), ngakumbi kwizinto ezifana neenkqubo zokudlulisa amandla ezingenazingcingo. Kutshanje, kukho uphando oluluqilima olubonisa ukuba ezi khoyili zinokusebenza njani ekunciphiseni ezo ziphumo zicaphukisayo ze-EMI. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo apho unezixhobo ze-elektroniki ezinobuthathaka ezijingayo. Thatha iinkqubo zokutshaja iimoto zombane (EV), umzekelo-uphononongo lufumanise ukuba uyilo olungundoqo lomoya lunokunceda ukugcina ezo ndawo zivuzayo zivuzayo zijonga. Oku akukonyusi ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kuphela kodwa kukwanyusa ukhuseleko, nto leyo sonke esinokuvuma ukuba yinto enkulu.
Kwaye ufumane oku: xa kuziwa kwiinkqubo zokudlulisa amandla angenazintambo (i-DWPT), ukusebenzisa iikhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya zibonakalise ukwandisa uluhlu lwezithuthi zombane. Uphononongo olubanzi lwamva nje luqaqambise ukuba ezi khoyili zenza umsebenzi oncomekayo wokugcina imimandla ye-electromagnetic izinzile, ethi, incede ekunciphiseni amabala ombane anokuba ngabasebenzisi. Ngokulungisa kakuhle uyilo lwala makhoyili angundoqo womoya, asikwazi nje ukudala indawo ekhuselekileyo yabasebenzisi, kodwa siphucule nendlela esebenza ngayo inkqubo yokudlulisa amandla xa iyonke.
Owu, kwaye masingazihoyi izinto ezintsha ezipholileyo njengekhoyili yeRogowski. Olunye uphononongo lokulinganisa lubonise ukuba obu buchwepheshe bungundoqo bomoya bunokulinganisa njani okwangoku ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka ngaphandle kwemagnethi. Oku kubenza bagqibelele ekulinganiseni izinto ezifana nemisinga yombane okanye imiqondiso yefrikhwensi ephezulu-thetha malunga nokuguquguquka! Ngokucofa kuyilo lwekhoyili engundoqo, amashishini ahlukeneyo anokuqhubela phambili kwizisombululo ezizinzileyo nezisebenzayo zokuhambisa amandla, lonke eli xesha lihlala lithobela imigangatho yokhuseleko enxulumene ne-EMI.
Uyazi, iikhoyili eziphambili zomoya ziqala ukwenza iindima ezimangalisayo kumhlaba wanamhlanje wetekhnoloji-ziyatshintsha indlela izixhobo zethu ezisebenza ngayo ngeendlela ezimangalisayo. Enye yezona zinto zipholileyo ezenzekayo mva nje kukunyuka kwezi zinto zikhaphukhaphu kakhulu kunye noyilo lwekhoyili ebhetyebhetye. Baye batshintsha umdlalo kwitekhnoloji yemifanekiso! Thatha umfanekiso we-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) umzekelo; ngobuchwephesha obutsha bokufumana (AIR) obuzayo, ukusebenzisa iikhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya zenze umahluko onjalo. Sibona imifanekiso ecacileyo ekhokelela kuxilongo olungcono, olululoyiso ngokuqinisekileyo.
Ehlabathini leemoto, ngokukodwa ngezithuthi zombane (EVs), iinkqubo zokudlulisa amandla okufakelwa (IPT) ziqala ukubamba. Ezi coil zomoya zisebenza ngokumangalisayo apha kuba zinceda ukuhambisa amandla ngokufanelekileyo. Khawufane ucinge ukutshaja isithuthi sakho ngaphandle kwamacingo—yingxaki enkulu leyo! Ayenzi nje izinto zibe lula kumntu wonke, kodwa iphinda idlale kuyo yonke intshukumo yamandla ecocekileyo. Ingathi senza umtsi osingise kwikamva elizinzileyo, elivakala limangalisa kakhulu.
Kwaye ufumane oku-iikhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya zide zibuyele kwitekhnoloji yomsindo. Bancedisa ukuvuselela ezo sistim ze-hi-fi ezithandwa ngabaninzi bethu. Enkosi kwiimpawu ezizodwa ze-electromagnetic zezi khoyili, umgangatho wesandi uye utyeba kwaye untywiliselwe ngakumbi. Ibonisa ngokwenene indlela eziguquguquka ngayo xa kuziwa ekuphuculeni izixhobo zethu. Njengoko imizi-mveliso eyahlukeneyo ityhala izisombululo ezikhaphukhaphu nezisebenzayo ngakumbi, iikhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya zivula lonke ihlabathi lamathuba okuvelisa izinto ezintsha.
Owu, kwaye masingalibali malunga neempembelelo zabo kwi-micro kunye ne-nanotechnology. Kwizinto ezifana nee-inductors ze-MEMS zombane wombane, ikamva likhangeleka liqaqambile kwiikhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya. Abapheleli nje ekufezekiseni iimfuno zanamhlanje; bavula indlela yenkqubela phambili yangomso. Ngokunyaniseka, kuvakala ngathi baya kuba ngabadlali ababalulekileyo kwindawo yetekhnoloji eguquka ngokukhawuleza!
Uyazi, xa untywila kwiprojekthi entsha, enye yezinto zokuqala ezingqondweni zeenjineli kunye nabaphathi beprojekthi kukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Kulapho iikhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya zikhanya ngokwenene njengokhetho oluhle kwezo nzame zexesha elide. Babetha olu lungelelwano lumangalisayo phakathi kotyalomali lwakho ekuqaleni kunye nendlela abaqhuba ngayo ngokufanelekileyo. Ngokungafaniyo naloo nxalenye yentsimbi yesiko, iikhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya zitsiba iimathiriyeli zemagneti exabiso lilonke, ezinceda ukugcina ezo ndleko zokuqala ziphantsi. Oku kubenza babe nomtsalane ngakumbi kwiiprojekthi apho uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali luqinile, kwaye ziyakhula kakhulu!
Kodwa linda, kukho okungakumbi! Ngaphaya kolu londolozo lwangaphambili, iikhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya zihlala zinika amandla azo asebenzayo. Ngenxa yokuba akukho ngundoqo wemagnethi obandakanyekayo, balahla amandla amancinci njengenkunkuma. Ke, kubomi beprojekthi, ujonge ukuthotywa okukhulu kweendleko zokusebenza. Kufana no-no-brainer ukuba ufuna ukusebenza okuthembekileyo ngaphandle kwentloko yamatyala aphezulu amandla.
Kwaye, masithethe malunga nokuqina: iikhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya azisebenzi nje kakuhle; zinolondolozo oluphantsi kakhulu nazo. Uyilo lwazo luthe ngqo, oku kuthetha ukugqoka okuncinci kunye nokukrazula kwiminyaka. Awuyi kuzifumana uzitshintsha okanye uzilungisa ngalo lonke ixesha, nto leyo eyimpumelelo enkulu! Oku kuthembeka kunceda ukuphepha ezo ndleko zingalindelekanga kwaye ugcine iprojekthi yakho isendleleni kwaye ngaphakathi kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Lilonke, izinto zexesha elide zezemali zeekhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya zibenza ukuba bakhethe kakuhle kuyo nayiphi na iprojekthi ejonge kwikamva.
Uyazi, iikhoyili eziphambili zomoya ziyahamba kwihlabathi loyilo olulungele indalo, kwaye kulula ukubona ukuba kutheni. Baye bafumana le vibe epholileyo ezinzileyo eya kubo. Ngokungafaniyo neekhoyili zesiqhelo ze-ferromagnetic ezixhomekeke kwezo zinto zilambeleyo amandla ezizibuthe ezisuka ezantsi emhlabeni, iicoil ezingundoqo zomoya zijika yonke le nto entlokweni yayo. Oku kujija kuncinci kuthetha ukuba bashiya indawo ekhaphukhaphu yendalo ngexesha lemveliso. Ngapha koko, ingxelo evela kwi-International Energy Agency (IEA) ibonisa ukuba ukwenza amacandelo ombane aqhelekileyo angatya ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30% yamandla angaphezulu xa kuthelekiswa neenketho eziphambili zomoya. Luloyiso olucacileyo lobunjineli obuluhlaza!
Kwaye, iikhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya zinika amanqaku amakhulu xa kufikwa ekusetyenzisweni kwakhona. Kuba uninzi lweendlela zabo zokuzilungisa zingezozentsimbi, kulula kakhulu ukuziqhawula kunye nenjongo yazo xa sele befikelele esiphelweni sokuqhuba kwabo. Uphononongo lwakutsha nje kwiJenali yeMveliso yoCoceko lude lwacebisa ukuba iinkqubo ezisebenzisa ezi zinto zingeyiyo intsimbi zinokunyusa ukusebenza kwazo ngokufanelekileyo nge-25%. Kuhle kakhulu ukukhuthaza uqoqosho olusetyhula apho sihlala sizisebenzisa kwakhona izinto endaweni yokuzilahlela kude.
Ukutshintshela kwiikhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya akukhona nje ukuba luhlaza, nangona kunjalo; yenza ukuba yonke into isebenze ngcono xa iyonke. Uhlalutyo oluvela kwi-American Institute of Physics lubonise ukuba ezi zikhoyili zihambisa ukusebenza okuphezulu ngelixa zisebenzisa izixhobo ezimbalwa. Kwaye, ngenxa yokuba zikhaphukhaphu kakhulu, zinceda ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwezothutho, ezinokuthi zichaze phantse i-20% yempembelelo yokusingqongileyo yemveliso, ngokutsho kweWorld Resources Institute. Ke, njengoko amashishini etyhalela kwiinjongo zawo zozinzo, ukuzisa iikhoyili zomoya kumxube linyathelo elilumkileyo nelinoxanduva labayili abayikhathalele ngokwenene indalo esingqongileyo.
Xa uzama ukwenza isigqibo phakathi kweekhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya kunye nee-ferrite cores zeprojekthi yakho, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumana umqheba kwindlela nganye eyenza ngayo. Iikhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya zineengenelo ezithile ezicocekileyo, ngakumbi xa usebenza ngamaza aphezulu. Ababaleki kwimiba yokuzalisa imagnethi eyenziwa yi-ferrite cores, into ethetha ukuba banokuqhubeka besebenza kakuhle nokuba amandla kunye noxinzelelo lwe-flux luguquguquka. Thatha, umzekelo, uluhlu lwe-100 kHz-iikhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya ziyamangalisa apha, zibonisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kunye nelahleko ephantsi, ngakumbi ngexesha lokuguquguquka okukhawulezayo kweemeko.
Kwicala elijikelezileyo, ii-ferrite cores, ngelixa zihlala zincinci kwaye zisebenza kakuhle kumaza asezantsi, zinokubetha amaqhuma athile endleleni, njengeziphumo zokugcwala kunye nokuvuza okuvuzayo. Aba banokuyiwisa ngokwenene ibhola ekusebenzeni kwabo. Uphononongo lwakutsha nje olujolise ekungeneni kwamagnetic kwezixhobo ze-ferrite lubonisa ukuba banokubonelela ngokudibanisa kombane oqinileyo phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo. Kodwa banokungabambeki kakuhle xa uphosa umthwalo oguqukayo utshintsha indlela yabo. Ngenkqubela phambili kwi-ferrite composite njenge-NiZn ferrite, abantu basebenza nzima ukunyusa ukusebenza kombane, kodwa naba banokuzabalaza phantsi koxinzelelo xa kuthelekiswa nokuthembeka kwetekhnoloji ye-air core.
Ekupheleni kosuku, ukhetho lwakho luxhomekeke kwimfuno yeprojekthi yakho. Ukuba ujonge into enokumelana nee-frequencies eziphezulu kunye nemithwalo eyahluka-hlukeneyo ngaphandle kokubila, ii-coil ezingundoqo zomoya zinokuba lolona bhejo lwakho lungcono kuba zitsiba imiba yokuzalisa izinto ezijongana nayo.
Iikhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya zibonelela ngeendleko eziphantsi zotyalo-mali lokuqala kunye nokusebenza ngokuzinzileyo, okukhokelela ekugcinweni okubalulekileyo kubomi beprojekthi ngenxa yokuncipha kwelahleko yamandla kunye neemfuno eziphantsi zogcino.
Iikhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya zigqwesa kwizicelo ze-high-frequency, zigcina ukusebenza okuhambelanayo ngaphandle kwemida yokuzalisa ejongene ne-ferrite cores, ezenza zisebenze ngakumbi phantsi kwamandla ahlukeneyo kunye noxinzelelo lwe-flux.
Iikhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya zisusa imfuno yezinto ezixabisa kakhulu zemagnethi, ukunciphisa iindleko zangaphambili kunye nokuvumela ukunyuswa okungcono, okubenza babe nomtsalane ngakumbi kwiiprojekthi ezinyanzelwa yibhajethi.
Ngenxa yokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kunye nokulahleka kwamandla aphantsi, iikhoyili zomoya zinokunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zokusebenza kubo bonke ubomi beprojekthi.
Iimfuno zokugcinwa okuphantsi kunye nokuqina kweekhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya zinciphisa ukuguga kunye nokukrazula, ukunciphisa iindleko ezingalindelekanga kunye nokulibaziseka kweprojekthi, ngaloo ndlela kunceda ukugcina uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kunye nexesha elifanelekileyo.
I-Ferrite cores isenokukhethwa kwizicelo ezisezantsi ezisezantsi apho ubungakanani obubambeneyo kunye nodibaniso oluhle kakhulu lufuneka, nangona banokuchaphazeleka kukuhla kokusebenza phantsi kweemeko zomthwalo oguqukayo.
Iikhoyili ezingundoqo zomoya zibonisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kumaza aphezulu, ngakumbi malunga ne-100 kHz, ngenxa yeempawu zazo ezisezantsi zelahleko, ngakumbi ngexesha leemeko ezidlulayo.
Ewe, uphuhliso lwakutsha nje kwii-composites eziphambili ze-ferrite, ezifana ne-NiZn ferrite, zijolise ekuphuculeni iimpawu zombane; nangona kunjalo, basajongene nemida yokusebenza phantsi kweemeko zoxinzelelo oluphezulu xa kuthelekiswa nobuchwepheshe obuphambili bomoya.
